Oil-burner.



No. 653,893. Patented July 17, I900.

W. H. WILDER.

OIL BURNER.

(Apphcatzon filed Apr. 19, 1897.) (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet l.

STATES WILLIAM n. WILDER, OF'GARDNER, MASSACHUSETTS.

OlL BURNER.

SIPECIFIGATTON forming part of Letters Eatent No. 653,893, dated July 17, 1900.

Application, filed April 19, 1897.

v citizen of the United States, residing at Gardner, in the county of Worcester and State of Massachusetts,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Oil-Burners, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawlugs. I

My invention is designed to provide an oilstove adapted to be used with petrdleum or ordinary coal-oil and to generate vapor from the surface of the oil in a suitable holder and is distinguished from vapor-burner stoves in that a holderis provided adapted to receive a limited supply of oil,=and this oil is vaporized from its surface, the supply being maintained, increased, or diminished at the will of the operator, while in the vapor-burner stoves using petroleum a vapor-holder is provided, the oil being vaporized as fast as it enters the holder, filling the same by gravitation and rising through a convenient space to a combustion-chamber,

My invention includes a very simple'form of oil holder, with a combustion chamber above the same vertically movable for lighting purposes and easily removable for any purpose, this chamber comprising perforated tubes,wi th meansfor shielding thesam'e from air-currents while feeding thereto the proper amount of air .necessary for perfect combustion The invention also includes many details of construction of importance in a stove of this class.

. In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is 'ments.

a sectional elevation, and Fig. 2 a front eleration, of a stove embodying my improve- Fig. 3 is a plan view of the burner. Fig. 4 is a detail sectional view of the oilholder and supply-pipe. Fig. 5 is a detail of the initial-lighting means.

I have shown. a convenient form of frame at A, comprisinga sheet-metal top and suitable legs and braces, which may be of any ordinary or improved construction.

The burner comprises an oil-holder and a combustion-chamber composed of perforated tubes and certain accessories, as will be hereinafter more fully described. The oil-holder is preferably made of drawn sheet metal,

Serial in, 632,858. (1% model.)

forming an annular channel, as shown in the sectional View, of considerable depth, the lower part being contracted and the upper part being enla' god by reason of the upper walls flaring out wardly. The holder is shown at B and is surrounded by-a drum 0, which conceals the same and supports it by a bead turned over theupper edge of the holder, while the drum itself rests upon a cross-bar a, supported upon the frame by the hooks 1.

similar to those which hold the cross-bar to the frame. The shape of the oil-holder gives a depth sufficient to maintain a supply of oil I in the lower part thereof, and the enlarged space in the upper end of the holder gives a greater vaporizing-surface and also provides for the use of an initial-lighting deviceb, which may be of asbestos or any suitable ma terial adapted for the purpose. It will be understood that this initial-lighting medium does not operate in the manner of 'an ordinary wick to lift the oil from a supply by capillary attraction, but is composedof some mineral or metallic substance adapted to lift initially sufiicient oil to start the flame, and

as soon as this lifting mediumheats. up'it,

of the oil, and the action is not affected in any way by-the lighting medium, It'is of importance when this initial-lighting medium is used to locate it properly, so that it will be in such relation to the top of the oil-holder as to always be capable of lighting easily,

. but not too high, so as to be so far above the oil as to coke and get hard. As soon as the stove has been started through the initialheating means the oil in the holder begins to vaporize on the surface, and the oil is continuallysupplied to the holder from the reservoir and in such quantities as may be requiredby the work being done on the stove, the supply being under the control of the op- 'erator, who may make it regular or flood the ICU ' make the combustion perfect. The tubes are held together-by rods a, crossing each other at right angles, and the shield for the inner to close the channels at the upper end formed by the corrugations. The shield (indicated at shield, the lower end of the hook engaging a fed in columns through the perforated inner rest upon the shoulder g of the oil-holder, thus turned back.

bottom of the drurnO finds outletto the comdrafts and currents of air, butby reasonof burner or drain it, according to the requirei ments of the Work. p v The combustion-chamber comprises two concentric tubes perforated and suitablysecured together, with shields upon the interior of the inner tube and the exterior of the outer tube adapted to protect the combustion-spa'ce from the injurious efiects of the air-currents and 'at the same time properly feed just the right quantity of air in order to tube is made of corrugated metal, with the upper ends of .the corrugation 'bent inwardly D) extends below the end of ,the inner tube and has its lower end closed by a cap d,-held in place by a hook which passes over a rod 6, extending through between the walls of the nut, as shown at f., The outer shield E is made of corrugated metal and encircles the outer combustion-tube, as shown, and the channels of the shield formed by the corrugations are preferably open at the 'top and bottom. The projecting end of the shield D (indicated at F) is adapted to pass down through the central opening of the oil-holder, while the lower end of the outer con1bustiontube is made slightly flaring and adapted to forming a close joint.

In order to start thestove, it is necessary It will be seen that the-arrangement of the shield is such that the air coming in at the bustion space through a series of vertical channels closed at the top, but in connection with the combustion-spa e through the perforated'tube, and as these channels are practically independent of each other the air is walls of the combustion-space, and thus the combustion is not affected by irregular quantit-ies of air or by drafts. The outer shi ld protects the outer combustion tube fr its series-of corrugations provides a number of'channels around the outer periphery of the outer combustion-tube, so as to feed air there,- to in vertical columns.

ing from thevalv e Z.

The oil may befed from a reservoir G of ordinary or improved construction directly to the oil-holder,.the feed being regulated bythe demand, as in the ordinary student-lamp, and further controlled by a needle-valve, as

indicated at Z; but I prefer to feed the oil through a chamber I-I, connected with the main supply-pipe m by a branch pipe 72 lead- This branch pipe n is connected to the chamber Hj through a nipple 72/, provided with an opening on one or both sides, which may be left open or covered by glass or mica to form a'sight-feed, and thus the flow of the oil can be observed as it drops from the end of the branch 1?. into the chain ber'H. Contained within the chamber and vertically movable therein is a plunger and rod operating to displace the oil in the chamber H and force it'into theoil-holder B of the burner or drain the oil'fi'om the holder, ac cording to the position of the plunger. Iterm this a displacerj, and I have shown it at I. The chamber H is connected to the holder by a pipe 19, entering. the holder at the bottom thereof and tapping the chamber H atl-a p0 'sition above the bottom, as the bottom of the chamber H is upon a lower level than'that of the oil-holder B; It will be seen that when the disp'l'acer is raised-the oil .will drain out of the holder B into the'chamber H, and when it is desired to restore the oil to the holder the displacer is .moved down, and when in its low- I est position the feed of the oil will vbe over and around it through the pipe 10 intothe holder. J

If desired, I may make theflisplace'r to be manually operated independent of the valve mechanism, and instead of feeding the oil through the drain cham'ber to ,theoil-holder the oil may be. fed direct to the holder; but I prefer, as shown in the drawings and particularly in Fig. 1, to connect the rod of the di'splacer with the valve mechanism, so as to make the action automatic, and thus provide for the lifting of the displacer on the closing of the valve and the lowering of the displacer on the opening of the valve. The handle of the valve has cast with it a cam-flange g, which engages the notched end of'a lever r,

pivoted on the valve-brackets and having its opposite notched end t -connectedto thoend ofthe rod of the displacer. I The initial-lighting medium b I prefer to make of asbestos orsome other material which 'is practically indestructible, and it will be understood that in the present instance this does not have any meansfor lifting it, as in the case of an ordinary wick, it being permanently placed in position, with its upper por tion projecting slightly above the fuel-holder,

chamber is lifted, and -at the same time. the

end should not.'project high enough to be come charred, as I aim to have it in such relation to the normal level of the. oil as to keep it moist. It will also be observed that I make the lighting medium with a notched lower so as to be accessible when the-combustionedge so that it does not extend to the bottom holder, as shown in full lines, Fig. 4, at the point where the connection is made, bring the end of the oil-supply pipe p directly beneath the bottom of the oil-holder, and then pass a screw p down through an opening in the bottom of the holder to engage the end of the pipe p, forming an oil-passage through the screw, as at '3', and thus a seeure and-oiltight connection is made;

I While I have shown and described an oilholder having a lower contracted part and an upper part enlarged or flaring, with an igniting medium seated in the contracted portion and extending between the walls of the enlarged part, I'do' not claim this combination of the holder and the igniting medium in this application, this being made the subject of a divisional application, Serial No. 701,160.

The present case is directed to a holder capable of being-drained or emptied or to maintain a column of oil as a base of vaporization, said holder being used with a combustionchamber or with means for controlling the supply of liquid to the holder. 7

I claim- 1 I 1. In an oilburner, acombustion-chamber,

'an oil-holderconstructed to be drained or emptied and adapted to maintain a column of 'oil as a liquid-base for vaporization and an irp y- 2. {In an oil-burner, acombustion-chamber, an oil-holder constructed to bedrained or emptied, said holder having a depth greater than its width to maintain a column of oil as a liquid-base for vaporization, and an oil-supply substantially as described.

3. In an oil-burner, an oil-holder having a depth greater than its width,'an oil-supply and means for causing the oil to fill the burner for ignition, to lower it for normal burning, to maintain a body of oil therein while the stove is burning, and for draining to extinguish, substantially as described.

4. In an oil-burner, an oil-holder, an initial-lightiug medium therein and an oilrsupthe oil to flood the holder to submerge wholly or partially the lighting medium for igniting purposes and to lower the oil for normal burning while maintaining the feed of oil.

5. In'an oil-burner, an ll-nolder and an oil-supply with means for causing the oil to flood the holder for igniting purposes while maintaining the feed of oil. 4

6. In a burner, a combustion-space having perforated walls and a channeled outer shield therefor, adapted to admit the air to the space in vertical columns.

7. In a burner, a combustion-space having 'perforated walls and an inner channeledshield adapted to admit air to the space in"- Vertical columns, substantially as described.

8.. In a burner, a combustion-space having perforated walls, an inner shield forming an airspace and having a series of channels,

substantially as described.

' 9. Ina burner, a combustion-space having perforated walls and an inner shield therefor, said shield being closed at its upper end and at its center, substantially as described.

10. In a burner, a combustion-space having perforated walls and a channeled or corrugated inner shield closed at its upper end and having a closed center, substantially as described. r

11. In combination, inner and outer perforated combustion-tubes, a corrugated or channeled outer shield and a corrugated inner shield, said shields adapted to supply air to the combu'stiomspace in a series of vertical columns,'the inner shield being closed at its upper end and having a closed center, substantially as described.

ported thereby and an inner-shield for the combustion-space extending below the bottom of the combustion-tubes and channeled to receive and direct the air to the inner tube, said shield-being closed at its upperend, substantially as described.

bastion-tubes, a corrugated outer shield enwithin the inner tube having the corrugations closed at the upper endand open at the lowerend below the level of the combustiontubes, said inner shield having a closed bottom, substantially as described.

145. In combination with a liquid-fuel holder having an annular space for the fuel and an inner and outer shoulder on each side of the channel with an open central portion, a

a connection between the valve and displacer for operating the two simultaneously, substantially as described.

16. In combination with a burner, a reservoir, a valvefor controlling-the supply of oil therefrom and a holderor auxiliary reservoir between the valve and the burner withmeans for supplying the burner from said holder while maintaining the feed, substantially as described.

12. In combination with a fuel-holder, com bustion-tubes having perforated walls sup-I 13. In combination with perforated comcombustion-chamber comprising perforated a displac'er within. the drain-- chamber, a valve controlling the supply and' 17. In combination with a burner, an.ei1-

said'channels being closed at the upper end,

circling the outer tube, a corrugated shield 1. eases supply and an oil-chamber interposed be- I tween the burner and main supply, and means i for supplying the burner quickly from the interposed chamber without interfering with 5 the regular feed and for draining the burner into said interposed chamber, substantially as described.

1'8. In a burner, an oil-holder in combination with an oil-supply, a valve controlling 10 this' supply and an auxiliary oil-chamber interposed between the valve and burner, with i means for antomatically flooding or draining the burner by the operation of the valve and at the same time allowing or cutting oif the regular feed from the main reservoir, substantially as described.

In testing) y whereof I aflix my Signature in presence of two witnesses.

WVILLIAM H; WILDER.

W'itnesses;

CLIFFORD H. STOOKWELL, .H. M. GATES. 

